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ADHD Stimulant Medication Stimulants help people with ADHD control their hyper-impulsive behavior and focus. They can be either long- or short-acting and are prescribed by psychiatrists, paediatricians or neurologists (and doctors in certain circumstances). Stimulants affect dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain. They are tightly controlled and can only be ordered by a doctor. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate belongs to the stimulant family and increases brain activity. It raises levels of certain chemicals, like dopamine and noradrenaline, which helps to regulate the attention span and behavior. Methylphenidate may be used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy, among other disorders. It can also be prescribed for depression in adults. However, it isn't regulated or approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Methylphenidate is absorbed into the bloodstream quickly from the gut and starts working within hours. It is available as a chewable tablet or an immediate-release tablet. The doctor will prescribe the most suitable dosage based on the individual's symptoms and the possibility of side effects. The adverse effects of methylphenidate are typically minor and will disappear with time as the body gets used to the medicine. Consult your physician should you experience any issues. He may reduce the dosage or suggest a different medication. have a peek at this website is important to take the medication exactly according to the prescription. Don't overdose the dosage recommended. This helps reduce the potential for addiction or abuse. Methylphenidate is categorized as a Schedule II drug by the US Drug Enforcement Administration, meaning it has a high possibility of abuse. These stimulants could cause dependency and withdrawal when not taken in the prescribed manner. Tell your doctor if your child has heart problems. This includes an irregular heartbeat, or a history of heart attack. Methylphenidate increases heart rate. The doctor will test their blood pressure prior to starting treatment. It is also crucial to inform the doctor that your child is taking any other medicines, such as supplements, vitamins, or herbal supplements. The doctor will tell you how much medicine to take and how often, as well any other precautions. Methylphenidate is best taken twice a day with meals. Certain brands of the chewable methylphenidate tablets with a long-acting action (Quillichew ER, Cotempla XR-ODT and Adhansia XR) contain aspartame which is a major source of phenylalanine and is not recommended for those suffering from Phenylketonuria (an inheritable condition that requires a low protein diet to prevent severe intellectual impairment). Avoid drinking alcohol and other substances when taking this medication. Some people may find their appetite diminishes when taking methylphenidate. Encourage your child to consume regular meals and snacks if they are losing weight. You may need to encourage them to drink a lot of squash or water to ensure they are well-hydrated. Lisdexamfetamine Lisdexamfetamine which is available under the brand name Vyvanse, is a stimulant for the central nervous system that stimulates chemicals in the brain and nerves. It helps improve impulse control and concentration in children, adolescents and adults suffering from ADHD. It treats eating disorders that cause binge eating (BED) as well as increasing the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This reduces uncontrolled eating. Lisdexamfetamine is part of the prodrug class of medicines, which are modified to render them inactive until they are metabolized by the body.27 It has been proven to be safe and well-tolerated in a variety of placebo-controlled studies, showing efficacy in both stimulant-naive and those exposed to stimulants with ADHD. It is also believed to have a greater lasting effect than other stimulants and may be less susceptible to rebound symptoms. Adler et al27 reported that the ADHD-RS-IV scores improved significantly in a 12-week controlled study. They also reported that the majority of patients who switched to a placebo relapsed within 2 weeks.28 Brams et al29, however, used a novel design in a randomized withdrawal trial that monitored 116 adults for 12 weeks following stopping lisdexamfetamine. They discovered that the majority of patients who relapsed weren't exposed to any other stimulants during the two weeks preceding. Inform your doctor if there are any allergies you may have to this medication or to any other medications. Inform your doctor if you suffer from high blood pressure, heart problems or other heart-related conditions. These stimulants increase the risk of heart attacks or sudden deaths among people suffering from these conditions. Lisdexamfetamine can be absorbed into breast milk and harm a nursing baby. You should not take this medication while breastfeeding. This medication can cause shakiness, dizziness, or stomach upset in certain people. have a peek at this website is not suitable for use by children younger than 6 years old. Lisdexamfetamine is not a prescription drug for use by women who are breastfeeding or pregnant. It is not recommended to stop taking this medication unless your physician tells you to, even if you feel better. Your doctor will probably want to keep an eye on your blood pressure and heart rate when you take this medication. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine (Strattera) is a non-stimulant that acts by blocking the presynaptic norepinephrine-transporter. It has a high affinity to this transporter, but has a low affinity for any other neurotransmitter receptors and transporters [115,136]. In multiple placebo-controlled trials, it enhanced the inhibitory control of ADHD patients by reducing the overactivation of the right inferior cortex (Chamberlain and colleagues, 2009). It was also shown to improve working memory and attention span in children suffering from ADHD. It is slow in the onset of action and can take up to 12 weeks for the full effects to be observed. The dose is based on weight and should be increased gradually. A daily dose of once is common. People who are not metabolizers of the drug the cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) have greater exposure and slower elimination of atomoxetine. Therefore, the pharmacogenetic test is recommended prior to prescribing atomoxetine for these people. It has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing symptoms of ADHD in several controlled studies, and is frequently used as an initial treatment. It is generally safe and well tolerated and does not increase the risk of suicidal behaviors. It isn't as efficient in reducing anxiety and tics as stimulants and does not seem reduce sleep disorders. However it has been proven to improve aggression in some children. Atomoxetine interacts more with the antidepressant fluoxetine. T here fore it is not recommended to be taken together. Clonidine (Catapres) and Guanfacine are two other medications that are available as the first-line treatment for ADHD. These drugs were initially developed to reduce high pressure in adults. These drugs are known as alpha agonists. They work by stimulating receptors in the mind to release neurotransmitters called norepinephrine, which can decrease the impulsivity and hyperactivity. These drugs have a long time to begin their action, and most children require between two and four weeks before they see any benefits from them. They are also not recommended to be used in conjunction with MAOIs (e.g. e.g. Phenelzine is not recommended due to the possibility of fatal and serious adverse reactions, including severe hypothermia and rigidity myoclonus and autonomic instabilities. Other Stimulants Stimulants are medications that boost activity in the central nervous system. They encompass a range of substances, some legal and others illegal. They can be used to boost performance, stay awake or alert and treat certain medical conditions such as ADHD, narcolepsy and depression. Some examples of stimulants prescribed by a doctor are amphetamines and methylphenidate. The term”stimulant” is also used to describe nonprescription drugs such as diet pills and caffeine. These are utilized for a variety of reasons, but they can also be dangerous when taken with certain foods or medications. Stimants can cause negative side effects, even though they're not habit-forming in the doses prescribed for treating ADHD. They can make some people feel anxious or nervous. They can cause an upset stomach and elevate blood pressure. Children and teens who take stimulants may have tics or repeated sounds or movements, such as eye blinking and throat clearing. They might also have a minor growth delay. A doctor will determine the best stimulant for you or your children. They will consider other factors, such as weight, age, and whether you or your child has any allergies. The doctor will then prescribe medications. Always follow the directions of your doctor. Always read the Medication Guide that is included with your medication. The first option for treating ADHD is typically medication. This isn't the only option, but it is the most common. People of all ages can benefit from psychosocial interventions, like family therapy and behavior modification. Patients who are prescribed ADHD medication should have their risk of abuse and misuse assessed and advised not to give their medication to others. Also it is recommended to keep any medications they no longer use in a secure location and dispose of them in a safe manner. Health professionals should also regularly assess patients and monitor them for signs of abuse, misuse, or addiction. The FDA is requiring more consistent information to be included on drug labels to help patients and their families be aware about the dangers of these drugs.